Best Man Wedding Toast Essay - 1064 Words

Best Man Wedding Speech Its turning out to be a day packed full new experiences for me. It’s the first time I’ve had the honour of being a best man, It’s the first time that Brandon has complimented me in over 30 years, and it’s the first time I’ve got a free dinner out of him since that kebab he bought me back in 93. So far things have been going pretty well†¦until now. Start the car Steve. Ladies, Gentlemen, boys, girls Brandon and Lisa, First of all, let me begin on behalf of the bridesmaids, Michelle, Ellie, Hannah and Emily, I would like to thank Brandon for his kind words, and I have to say they look absolutely wonderful and have done an excellent job today. The great thing about being a best man, which incidentally is†¦show more content†¦I don’t remember meeting Brandon for the first time, he just kind of appeared many, many years ago before I was old enough to have a memory. However, that may well be a good thing, because some of those early memories are quiet disturbing. During the mid to late seventies Brandon was quiet convinced that he was 70’s motorcycle pin up Erik Estrada from Chips. (At this point I held up a picture of this guy and compared it with a picture of 7 year old Brandon to emphasise how dissimilar they looked) He also thought that Cola Cubes made him bionic! A tip that you might like to pick up on there Lisa! Its testimony to Lisa Brandons relationship that he’s now over Erik, and Brandons smile has now returned following that fateful afternoon back in 1980 when, out of his mind on a quarter of cola cubes he attempted his first and last ever non-handed bicycle jump. I think I can sum up the moment by combining the words, crown jewels and crossbars. In fact it’s a miracle of medicine that Brandon did not just deliver his speech to you today in the style of Joe Pescuali. As Brandon progressed to becoming a teenager he found that if he took his cola cubes in liquid form and added a decent shot of Vodka, he became even more bionic! Of course some of us know different. Yes we know that it made him talk rubbish like the best of us can, but the funniest thing was that it made him dance like he was actually trying to take his trousers off. AtShow MoreRelatedEssay about Wedding Toast - Best Man1581 Words   |  7 PagesWedding Speech – Best Man Hello my name’s Paul and I’m Martin’s best man, although I’m sure Martin will have a new name for me by the time I’ve finished this. When Martin asked me to be his best man I was initially thrilled at the prospect. Unfortunately it didnt take long for this feeling of well being to dissolve into utter apprehension as I remembered the last time I had to stand up in a room full of people†¦.. I was found guilty and fined $300. I went to a wedding two weeks ago that wasRead More Wedding Toast - Best Man Essay2069 Words   |  9 PagesWedding Speech - Best Man Afternoon everyone, firstly, the city council have asked me to request that, for health and safety reasons, none of you get up on top of the chairs and tables during my standing ovation. Im sure youll all admit this has turned out to be a fabulous wedding celebration, yet every silver- lining does have a cloud, and that is, unfortunately that youve all got to listen to me for a few minutes. Id just like to start by thanking everyone on behalf of the BrideRead MoreEssay Wedding Toasts - Best Man, Brother of the Groom595 Words   |  3 PagesWedding Toasts - Best Man, Brother of the Groom Good Evening! I’m standing up here tonight, pretty boastful I have to admit, of my brother, Bobo, and his bride Twiggy. I have come to sing their praises, and if I happen to embarrass either one of them in the process, I apologize right now! On behalf of our family, we want to welcome each of you to the wedding today. It is a true testament to Bobo and Twiggy that you have taken time from your busy schedule to come and witness their marriageRead More Wedding Toasts – Perhaps Others Have Said it Best Essay789 Words   |  4 PagesWedding Toasts – Perhaps Others Have Said it Best To the Bride From her Groom Never above you. Never below you. Always beside you. To the bride and groom (before the wedding) Heres to the bride that is to be, Heres to the groom shell wed, May all their troubles be light as bubbles Or the feathers that make up their bed! Anonymous To the bride from her groom Drink to me only with thine eyes, And I will pledge with mine; Or leave a kiss within the cup, AndRead More Humorous Wedding Speech by the Groom Essay875 Words   |  4 PagesHumorous Wedding Speech by the Groom Thank you for your kind words, I am very proud to be your son-in-law; I hope I can live up to your expectations. I would sincerely like to thank you for welcoming me into your family, for bringing up such a lovely daughter, and for giving me your blessing to marry her. In addition. due to the number of phone calls between my wife and her mom, the phone company would also like to thank you both. On this date in history in 1889 the Boer War ended, andRead MoreEssay on Sentimental Wedding Speech from the Father of the Bride968 Words   |  4 PagesSentimental Wedding Speech from the Father of the Bride This speech uses quotes that are skillfully woven into his more personal message, which is a good way of adding humor and providing the speaker with material that is neither offensive or dull. He also includes several jokes that are popular in wedding speeches, but has given his own twist on them to add originality Ladies and gentlemen, may I start my speech by welcoming the guests. Today, we are surrounded by most of the friends andRead MoreFrench Wedding Traditions Dictate That The Bride3581 Words   |  15 PagesIn France, they don’t date but have more of a relationship. There aren’t prearranged dates and aren’t always one-on-one. French wedding traditions dictate that the bride cannot be approached with a proposal of marriage without the consent of her father. The father of the bride permits a man to propose to his daughter after examining his social and economic standing. The consent of the bride is almost never considered. If the bride accepts the proposal, the father negotiates the settlements with theRead More Best Man Wedding Speech Essay519 Words   |  3 PagesBest Man Wedding Speech Good Evening everybody...I hope you are all enjoying everything so far...My name is Frank Levy, and I am Ricks Best Man for the evening. I happened to find out that there was a pool going on as to how long my Best Mans speech was going to be, and I was the only one who bought in at 60 minutes, so you might as well all just relax, sit back and enjoy the ride. When Rick first asked me to be a Best Man, I wasnt really sure what my responsibilities were suppossedRead MoreEssay about Humorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom571 Words   |  3 PagesHumorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - I must admit, I am more nervous about participating in this wedding than I was as the groom (bridegroom) at my own wedding. Maybe its because I have been married thirty years and I know what my son is getting himself in to! Joking aside, Ive had a wonderful marriage and I would like to remind David and Arba that its a serious business, and shouldnt be entered into lightly - although, at his weightRead More Humorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesHumorous Wedding Speech by the Father of the Groom Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - I am the grooms father, Ken, and I have the great privilege of being best man. I have recently found out there are two reasons why J W asked me to do this job. 1) To make him look younger and slimmer in the photos. 2) Because he didnt want to burden any of his friends with the terrible prospect of having to give this speech. Its the speech that no one wants to do. The best man doesnt really know what

Notes On Green Fluorescent Proteins - 910 Words

1. Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) GFP is a widely used tool in the field of Molecular biology and Cell biology. It involves emission of fluorescence under Ultra Violet light which allows for direct investigation into the inner working of cells. Green Fluorescent Protein was first isolated from the jelly fish Aequorea victoria by Osamu Shimomura (Shimomura et al., 1962). Since its discovery, it has become useful in the field of science. The GFP chromophore is formed from tri peptide in the primary structure of GFP. Its fluorescence is turned on when exposed to molecular oxygen. The gene of GFP has been introduced into many bacteria, yeast, fungi, plants and humans (Amsterdam, A. et al., 1996) and it is still gaining rapid ground in the field of biological science. 2. Structure of the Green Fluorescent Protein The GFP is composed of two structures; a barrel beta structure consisting of 11 beta strands and an alpha helix containing the covalently bonded chromophore 4-p-(hydroxybenzylidene) imidazolidin-5-one. The chromophore is in the centre of the barrel beta structure (Tsien, 1998). The size of the beta structure is 42Ã… long and 24Ã… in diameter. Due to its length and width it creates a beta like structure which is common in the GFP family (Yang, 1996). The chromophore is made from a tri-peptide Ser65–Tyr66–Gly67. To form its structure GFP first folds into a nearly native conformation, then the imidazolinoneis is formed by nucleophilic attack of the amide of Gly67 on theShow MoreRelatedA Study On Green Fluorescent Proteins1642 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: Would the GFP gene in a pGLO transformed E. coli be activated by a sugar other than arabinose? 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RNA (including mRNA, miRNA, or lincRNA) has, on many accounts, been found packaged inside extracellular vesicles (EVs) which may traverse through a variety of bodily fluids to be taken up by a recipient cell. The biological significance of exRNAs is largely unknown. However, preliminary studies suggest they may playRead MoreCell Biology Lab Manual5674 Words   |  23 Pages2) What part of the step by step procedure in sterile technique is considered personal hygiene? A. Farting B. Sanitizing the safety hood with 70% ethanol C. Washing your hands D. 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Professor Explain The Rise & Fall Of Ottoman Empire- Extended Project

Question: Explain the rise and fall of ottoman empire. Answer: The aim of the essay is to give the detailed description of the rise and fall of Ottoman Empire. It will describe the period of expansion of Ottoman state (1298-1453) and how the empire reached its peak (1453-1683). It will give details on the domination of South-eastern Europe and the Middle East. It will highlight the classical Ottoman society and its administration. The essay will describe the stagnation and reform period that prevented the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the period between 1683-1687. Eventually, it will describe the decline phase of the empire (1828-1908) and identify the internal problems in Ottoman Empire. It will review the effort and contribution of each Ottoman king and describe the role played by each one of them to build the dynasty. The essay will explain how each king slowly added new territories to expand the Ottoman Empire and the important battles conquered by the king during the process. The essay will explain the historical importance and contribu tion of important Ottoman kings like Murad I, Mehmed the conqueror, Selim I and many others. It will specifically derive the strategic conquest between Mongols leader Timur and how they strategically took control over Constantinople. The essay will describe in detail about the peak period when Murad II redeveloped the Ottoman Empire. It has described the kings who were threat to the Ottoman expansion and how they overcome those obstacles to expand the empire. It will finally describe the stagnation period after the death of Suleiman and the short period of revival and reforms in the empire. It will explain the eventual decline of the empire in the 18th and early 19th centuries. It will highlight the reform efforts by the people and how the whole military was defeated finally. The essay seeks to explain important reasons because of which they could not recover from financial and technological losses and how the Europeans finally dominated their position. The Janissary revolt and Worl d War I gave the final death blow to the empire from which they could not recover and the empire disintegrated into independent kingdoms. The Ottoman Empire or the Turkish Empire came into being in 1299 under the rule of Osman I, a nomadic Turkmen chief in north-western Anatolia. The term Ottoman is due to the dynastic appeal, and it is derived from the name from the founder of the dynasty, Osman I. It became one of the most powerful empires in the world during 15th to 16th centuries. The Ottoman period existed for more than 600 years, and it came to final decline in 1922. The Turkish Republic replaced the Ottoman Empire and various other successor states in Europe and the Middle East. During its dominion period, it expanded to southeastern part of Europe till the Vienna gates, the Balkan region, Greece, Ukraine, Middle East, North Africa and Arabian Peninsula (Inalcik 2013). It became a transcontinental empire after Murad I annexed the Balkan region between 1362 and 1389 and became a claimant to the caliphate. The Ottomans were responsible for the decline of Byzantine Empire in 1453 after the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed, the Conqueror. The empire reached great height under the reign of Suleiman, the magnificent king in the period between 16th and 17th centuries. During his reign, it became a multi-national empire with control of power in much of Western Asia, The Caucasus, North Africa, etc. At the start of 17th century, the empire consisted of 32 provinces and many naval states. Some of this came from Ottoman dominion, and others were granted autonomous status with the passage of time (Davison 2015). The Ottoman Empire remained the center of communication between Eastern and Western part of the world for six centuries when Constantinople was its capital, and it had control over Mediterranean Basin. After a prolonged empire military setback against a European power, the Ottoman Empire came to a decline in the late nineteenth centuries (Trumpener 2015). The initial stage of Ottoman dynasty was characterized by continuous territorial expansion. It amalgamated political, economic and social practices of Islamic empires with those inherited from Byzantine and Turkish empire of Central Asia. It was reformed in new ways. The line of successors playing a role in Ottoman expansion took place under Osman I, Orkhan, Murad I, and Beyazid I after the loss of Byzantine Empire, Bulgaria, and Serbia. The rise of Ottoman Empire took place between 1299 and 1453. Osman, I expanded the Turkish settlement and his rule extended to Eastern Mediterranean and The Balkans. Osman's son Orhan annexed the city of Bursa in 1324 and took it under Ottoman Empire. With this conquest, the Byzantines lost control over northern part of Anatolia. The victory at Kosovo in 1389 lead to the end of Serbian empire and further paved the way for the expansion of Ottoman Empire into Europe. Even the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396 failed to prevent the progress of victorious Ott omans (Wittek 2013). After the entry of Turkish into the Balkans, their main objective was the strategic conquest of Constantinople. The Empire had control over all Byzantine lands, but they were relieved when Mongol leader Timur, founder of Timurid Empire invaded eastern Anatolia. Timur defeated the Ottoman army in the Battle of Ankara in 1402 and took King Bayezid as a prisoner with them. The empire became much disorganized, and his arrest put the empire into disorder. The war between Timur and Ottoman Empire lasted from 1402 to 1413 when Bezzie's son tried to fight succession battles. The civil war finally came to an end when Mehmed I became the sultan and tried to restore the Ottoman Empire back to its original glory. This brought an end to the Interregnum period (Fleischer 2014). Several territories of Ottoman Empire in the Balkans were lost temporarily in 1402, but it was recovered back by Murad II in the period between 1430-1450. Murad II defeated Hungarian and Wallachian armies in 1444 under Wlad yslaw III of Poland and John Hunyadi at the Battle of Varna. Four years later, John Hunyadi prepared another army for attacking the Turks, but Murad II again defeated him at the Second Battle of Kosovo in 1448 (Miller 2013). The Ottoman dynasty reached its peak period in 1453-1566. After Murad II his son Mehmed (the Conqueror) redeveloped the empire and military of Ottoman Empire and conquered Constantinople on 1453. He allowed Church to stick to its autonomy and land only after they agreed to accept Ottoman authority. A significant number of Orthodox Christians accepted Turks dominion due to the bad relation between Western European states and the Byzantine empire (Walz 2014). The resistance of Albanian was a significant roadblock to Ottoman expansion in the Italian peninsula. It reached expansion period in the 15th and 16th century. It grew positively under the rule of efficient Sultans like Selim I (1512-1520). He had a role in dramatically expanding the empire after defeating Shah Ismail of Persia in Battle of Chaldrian. He strengthened the Turk rule in Egypt and a naval center on the Red Sea. This expansion led to fierce competition between Portuguese Empire and Ottoman Empire for becoming a powerfu l kingdom in that region (Braude 2013). After Selim I, Suleiman further expanded the empire by capturing Belgrade in 1521 and countries of Hungary after the historical battle of Mohacs in 1526. He tried seizing Vienna in 1529 but failed, so he made another attack on Vienna. Transylvania, Wallachia, etc. also became part of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman seized Baghdad from the Persians in 1535 and gained control over Mesopotamia and Navy in the Persian Gulf. The official partition of Caucasus in 1555 existed until the end of Russia-Turkish War in 1768-74 (Barbir 2014). The France and the Ottoman Empire became strong allies. The joint venture between French kings Francis I and Suleiman lead to the conquest of Nice and Corsica. In 1559, the Ottomans acquired East Adal Sultanate in its domain. This further expanded Ottoman territory till Somalia and Horn of Africa. It increased their power in the Indian Ocean thus helping them compete against Portuguese. When Suleimans rule came to an end, the empire had a population of 15 m illion people extending to more than three continents. It also became a dominant naval force across the Mediterranean Sea. The extent of political and military achievement of the Ottoman Empire has been compared to the Roman Empire (Kunt and Woodhead 2014). This section will describe the stagnation and reform period of Ottoman Empire between 1556-1827. The stagnation and decline of Ottoman Empire became evident after the death Suleiman in 1566. The period has short revival and recovery time for them. The decline of the empire gradually increased and by 1699, it was like a wretched kingdom (Davison 2015). The different historian has a different view on the reason for the downfall of the dynasty. Some explained that weak and degenerated successors, ill-equipped army, incompetent soldiers, corrupt official, enemies and treacherous members led to the downfall of the empire. The main weakness was that there was a lack of leadership. Some say that only one sultan out of 10 from 1292 to 1556 had admirable leadership qualities. Beside this from next group of Sultans between 1266 to 1703, only two were competent rulers. Therefore in a centralized system, failure of power at the center proved hazardous for the empire (Inalcik 2013). They consiste ntly ignored Constantinople leading to these consequences. The Europeans were growing in their military strength while the strength of Ottoman army and their arms were hardly improved. It had an effect on their economic system too which became impoverished due to inflation caused by war. All their earnings suffered as world trade moved to other regions and law and order problem further made the economic progress difficult (Findley 2014). The period of 1566-1683 was a period of revolts and revivals of Ottoman Empire. The effective military and bureaucratic systems were highly affected due to a continuous period of misrule by the weak sultans. It lagged behind the Europeans regarding innovative military technology. The Ottoman Empire was crippled by increasing religious and intellectual conservatism. Despite all these issues the empire remained a dominion power until the Battle of Vienna in 1683 (Motyl 2013). The battle was responsible for the end of Ottoman empowerment from Europe. The Europeans discovered new business sea routes and this prevented Ottoman trade monopoly. The discovery of new route from Africa to Asia from Cape of Good Hope in 1488 by the Portuguese lead to some Ottoman-Portuguese naval wars in the Indian Ocean during the 16th century. The alliance of Somali Muslims with Ottoman led to the development of new coinage according to Ottoman pattern. It promoted economic independence (Clogg 2013). A Catholic coalition took place between Philip II of Spain and the Ottoman naval army at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571. It gave a great blow to the invincibility of Ottoman. Their image was also eroded by the victory of soldiers of Malta against the Ottoman invaders in 1565. It significantly damaged Ottoman navy, and the loss of manpower was huge than the loss of ships. The ships could be replaced but not the skills of soldiers who died. The Ottoman navy recovered soon, and they signed a peace treaty with Venice in 1573. This treaty leads to Ottoman expansion and strengthens their holding in Africa. The need of Ottoman infantry was required in the Long War against Habsburg Austria in 1593-1606. It created problems of indiscipline, disorder and rebelliousness within the soldiers. When the population of Ottoman Empire reached 30 million by 1600, shortage of land became a new burden on the government. In spite of all these problems Ottoman Empire did not collapse but they lost campaigns against Safavid dynasty of Persia (Masters 2013). During the rule of Murad IV (1612-1640), he recaptured Iraq from Safavids. The period between 1648-1656 was the period of the Sultanate of women. In this period mother of young sultans exerted the powers of their son. Two women of importance were Kosem Sultan and her daughter-in-law Turhan Hatice. The political rivalry between the two women leads to Kosem's murder in 1651. The period of renewal came to an end in 1683 when Mustafa Pasha leads the second siege of Vienna in the Great Turkish War of 1683-1687. The final attack was postponed a lot, and it culminated in the Treaty of Karlowitz which ended the Great Turkish War. The Ottomans surrendered and Lost control of places forever. Mustafa II was also defeated at Zenta in 1697 (Grkan 2015). The Russian expansion was a significant threat for the Ottomans. King Charles II of Sweden persuaded Sultan Ahmed III to declare war on Russia in which Ottomans were victorious in 1710-1711. The war ended with the Treaty of Belgrade in 1739 resulting in the recovery of Serbia and Oltenia. This treaty gave peace to the Ottoman Empire as Austria and Russia were forced to check the development of Prussia. There were many educational and technical reforms in this period (Hutchinson 2012). Istnabul Technical University and an artillery school were opened. Repeated defeats in a war with Russians made people believe that Russians had an edge, and Ottomans should now keep western technology to prevent further defeats. So, first attempt to modernize the army was taken by Selim III (1787-1807). The Jannisary corps revolt lead to the death of Selim III. In 1821, Greeks also fought with Sultans. So some part of Ottoman Empire became independent (McCarthy 2014). The period between 1828-1908 is the period of decline and modernization. The Crimean War (1853-1856) was a long battle for gaining control over declining Ottoman Empire. The war leads to massive financial losses for the Ottomans. There attempt of modernization was also affected by several threats from creditors. So the Ottoman state was bankrupt in 1875. In 1881, it agreed to have its debt controlled by Ottoman Public Debt Administration (Ahmad 2014). The Ottoman Empire gradually decreased in size after it lost Balkan War in 1912-1913. Many Muslims fled with Ottoman armies. The gradual dissolution and defeat of the army began with the beginning of the Second Constitution Era in 1908-1922. A ray of hope was established with Young Turk Revolution. It brought back Ottoman Constitution of 1876. This constitution rejuvenated the empire strength and enabled to hold its position amidst outside power. So this period was the twilight struggle of the dynasty (Macfie 2014). The Ottoman engagement during World War I occurred with the link in the Middle Eastern Theatre. They had significant victories in Battle of Gallipoli and the Seige of Kut. The Revolt of Arabs in 1916 proved fatal for the Ottomans, and the partition of Ottoman Empire took place under the Treaty of Sevres. This treaty gave the Sultan power to retain his title. The Turkish War of Independence was fought under the leadership of Mustafa Kamal, which he won. The Sultnate was abolished in 1922 and the last sultan, Mehmed VI had to leave the country in 1922. The Calipahte rule was also abolished on March 1924. When the Russian Cuacasn army advanced towards eastern Anatolia in 1915, the Ottomans began deportation of the Armenian population. It leads to the death of 1.5 million people in the Armenian genocides. It was carried out by mass killing of the male population, the subjection of the army to forced labor and deportation of women and children. All the deportees did not have a supply of f ood and water, and they were subjected to atrocities like robbery, rape, and massacre (Macfie 2014). Now the question arises what prevented the collapse of Ottoman Empire for such a long time. The Ottoman Empire was a significant threat in Europe. The religious and cultural difference made Europeans hostile toward Ottomans. The reasons that allowed Ottomans to venture into inner areas of Europe were: The discouragement of the Byzantine Empire by Europeans in 1200-1453. Religious strife in Europe caused by reformation leading to isolation of the Catholics and providing Ottomans with European allies. Superior and well developed military planning. So the Ottoman power persisted due to a power play between Europeans. During the period between 1683 to 1923, the Ottoman power was not seriously challenged by anybody except the Russians. Habsburg their other enemy was also content with the territories seized then, and they did not go for further annexations. Venice had also declined its power. After 1830, the European powers also propped up the Ottoman empire as they are afraid of antagonistic attacks. Other secondary reasons were no more crusades taking place. The Ottoman reformation made them invincible, and there were limited enemies till 1683. By granting religious tolerance and exploiting Orthodox Church, the Ottomans refused Orthodox subjects from comparing them with a European power. This continued till the contest of Russia. Until the 15th century, all empires in Eurasia were under the threat of attack by the deportation of the population. But the Ottomans only faced one invasion in 1400 by Timur Lane. After this invasion, the Mongols became allies of the Turks in their war against Russia and Persia. Just like Constantinople was the reason for the existence of Byzantine Empire. Similarly, Istanbul also played the same role for the Ottomans (Motyl 2013). Therefore, the Ottoman Empire finally started going into decline due to internal and external factors. Internally the Ottomans had three major problems. Firstly, after the death of Suleiman, the other sultans who came to power were weak, incapable and less energetic. They spent their time in useless activities in courts and so the empire lost its sheen due to the lack of influential sultans. Without the lack of empowering sultan at the center, corruption in the capital became a significant problem (Sajdi 2014). Secondly, the Janissaries became a virtual hereditary caste who demands more pay although they worked less and were lazy. The size of the empire also became a problem for the Ottomans. Controlling such a large empire was impossible. The sultan was expected to lead the army but as the frontiers expanded it took much time for the army to reach their enemy (Schoon 2015). So it leads to the shortening of the campaign season, and hardly any new land was conquered. This had a great impact on the Ottoman at the siege of Vienna in 1529. The Turks could not reach Vienna till Spring and early winter lead to disastrous suffering for the troops not used to European weathers. Because of all these reasons, the Ottomans conquered very little territories after 1565 and so they earned very fewer revenues that could come from these campaigns (Chapra 2015). External economic factors also had an impact on the Ottomans arising due to Age of Exploration. The Portuguese discovery of new route from Africa to Asia leads to loss of monopoly of spice trade to Europe. It cost them huge losses financially. Another problem was the huge influx of gold and silver to Europe by Spanish. It leads to rampant inflation within the Ottoman Empire in the year 1500. This inflation along with other factors affected the revenue of Empire resulting in the financial decline of Ottomans (Balsoy 2015). So it can be concluded that Ottoman Empire was highly affected by economic decline. Their military powers also suffered due to loss of revenues and less conquest. After 1600, the Turks military edge in an army and they had no technological equipment for wars. While the European army constantly upgraded their artilleries and weapons, the Ottomans used stagnated weapons putting them to disadvantage against their enemies. At that time, the Europeans were reviving the army by strict drill and discipline. But the Ottomans failed to adapt these techniques and were at a loss while fighting against European armies. The Janissary revolt further disrupted the empire. The Ottomans suffered from a political and economic decline in the following centuries. The final blow was dealt with World War I which destroyed the Ottoman Empire and disintegrated into many independent kingdoms. Reference Ahmad, F., 2014.The Young Turks and the Ottoman Nationalities. University of Utah Press. Balsoy, G., 2015.The Politics of Reproduction in Ottoman Society, 18381900. Routledge. Barbir, K.K., 2014.Ottoman rule in Damascus, 1708-1758. Princeton University Press. Braude, B., 2013.Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire: The Abridged Edition, with a New Introduction. Rienner Publishers, Lynne. Chapra, M.U., 2015.Muslim civilization: The causes of decline and the need for reform. Kube Publishing Ltd. Clogg, R., 2013.A concise history of Greece. Cambridge University Press. Davison, R.H., 2015.Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876. Princeton University Press. Findley, C.V., 2014.Ottoman civil officialdom: a social history. Princeton University Press. Fleischer, C.H., 2014.Bureaucrat and intellectual in the Ottoman Empire: the historian Mustafa li (1541-1600). Princeton University Press. Grkan, E.S., 2015. Book review: Political Initiatives From the Bottom Up in the Ottoman Empire: Halcyon Days in Crete vii, written by Antonis Anastasopoulos.Journal of Early Modern History,19(1), pp.89-92. Hutchinson, J., 2012.Dynamics of Cultural Nationalism: The Gaelic revival and the creation of the Irish nation state. Routledge. Inalcik, H., 2013.The Ottoman Empire: 1300-1600. Hachette UK. Kunt, .M. and Woodhead, C., 2014.Suleyman the Magnificent and His Age: The Ottoman Empire in the Early Modern World. Routledge.. Macfie, A.L., 2014.The End of the Ottoman empire, 1908-1923. Routledge. Masters, B., 2013.The Arabs of the Ottoman Empire, 1516-1918: a social and cultural history. Cambridge University Press. McCarthy, J., 2014.The Ottoman Turks: an introductory history to 1923. Routledge. Miller, W., 2013.Ottoman Empire and Its Successors 1801-1927: With an Appendix, 1927-1936. Cambridge University Press. Motyl, A.J., 2013.Imperial ends: the decay, collapse, and revival of empires. Columbia University Press. Sajdi, D., 2014. Decline, its Discontents and Ottoman Cultural History: By Way of Introduction.Ottoman Tulips, Ottoman Coffee: Leisure and Lifestyle in the Eighteenth Century, p.1. Schoon, N., 2015. An Examination of the Proposition that Islamic Law Has Impeded Economic Development in the Middle East.Available at SSRN 2605814. Trumpener, U., 2015.Germany and the Ottoman Empire, 1914-1918. Princeton University Press. Walz, T., 2014. THE RISE AND FALL OF SLAVERY ON A MEDITERRANEAN LITTORAL.. The Abolition of Slavery in Ottoman Tunisia. By Ismael M Montana. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2013. Pp. xxxi+ 205. $74.95, hardback (isbn 978-0-8130-4482-8).The Journal of African History,55(02), pp.282-283. Wittek, P., 2013.Rise of the Ottoman Empire. Routledg

Integrative Intercultural Communication Paper Essay Example

Integrative Intercultural Communication Paper Essay Organizations that are viewed as biased against Hess groups will not attract the competent workforce and can face not only legal troubles also the life span of their business can be greatly reduced. Today, it is vital that organizations prove their ability communicate intercultural in order to be successful in a constantly changing business environment. This is why it is important that we train our management to deal with people from many different places. Many believe enhanced communication abilities will prove profitable, in which case its in the companies own interest to support it. Communication is necessary if the organization is to prosper. Intercultural communication in the global business world is accomplished by adding diversity and understanding of the many different cultures that are in the work force. Potential contributors are most often not naturally attracted to an enterprise that they do not perceive as having a culture and micro society that would be comfortable, interesting and supportive. When we talk about intercultural communication we mean all the differences between people, whether they are gender, religion, race or any other differences that connect with each other and commutate whether verbally or nonverbally. It can also be seen as culture within the workplace, culture relates to gender, age, language, ethnicity, cultural background, sexual orientation, religious belief and family responsibility. Intercultural communication also explores to the ways we are different in other respects such as educational level, work experience, socio-economic background, personality profile, geographic location, marital status and whether or not one has career responsibilities. As well as the widely recognized ethnicity an gender variables of diversity, being able to communicate with all kinds of people regardless of location is important to creating and keep important relationships with companies across the world. Diversity, performance and the competitive advantage we have all heard the old saying, variety is the spice of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Integrative Intercultural Communication Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Integrative Intercultural Communication Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Integrative Intercultural Communication Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But are we taking full advantage of that as we look to meet our business goals? More and more businesses are finding a direct connection between a diverse workforce and competitive advantage. A diverse workforce gives companies competitive advantage by enabling them to better meet TFH needs of their customers, successfully compete in the global marketplace an ire from an expanded labor pool. Providing opportunities for people of all backgrounds is the right thing to do from an ethical standpoint. But it is also great for business. So this is why communication within organizations are important. This allows each person to be able to feel comfortable within thee work environment no matter where they are. For instance, if your company does business in Asia, having Asian Australians on your negotiating team will greatly improve your chances of success. The best way to do that is by recruiting a diverse workforce that mirrors your customer base. This allows someone from that culture to connect with others in the global business environment that will allow they to be productive and everyone benefits fro it. Hiring those from other cultures can create a competitive advantage for a company. Training employees to work with people of different cultures is beneficial to every organization no matter how large or small. Intercultural communication in the workplace is achieved by promoting and creating a more inclusive word environment that is leveraged and maximizes the understanding of others and their way of life. The leverage intercultural communication is almost impossible to achieve without effective training. Communication training aid in understanding how the human differences can effect or influence relationships in the workplace between peers, subordinates, supervisors even customers. The modern workforce is made up of many people who are of different races, genders, sexuality, culture, and ages leading to a vast cultural differences. Many companies have recognized this fact and are beginning to pay close attention to the need for intercultural communication training as a number one priority. Employees should be educated on how to deal with people who have different traits than themselves. They also gain skills necessary to deal with and function in a diverse world. Intercultural communication in the workforce has been growing steadily over the years. Prior to the sasss, there was a very different profile in the workforce, in boot demographics and attitudes. It was more harmonious, with a large majority a few visible cultural differences. The individuals who were different were either assimilated into the workforce, isolated from the majority Of workers or ignored. The average member of the workforce from past was male, white, approximately twenty-nine years old and had fewer than two years of higher education. These men were usually married to homemakers and generally worked in the region of their birth. The global workforce of today does not look, act or think like the workforce of the past, nor does it pursue the same needs and desires. The global workforce has changed significantly from many different perspectives such as age, gender, culture, education, disability, and values. A new model of a diversified workforce is needed before the Rockford of the new millennium becomes even more discouraged, potentially creating further declines in productivity. In these times of slower labor growth, competent, high demand workers are choosing to move to companies that will accommodate and support their lifestyle requirements, and through management practices that enhances their dignity. In order to achieve this ideal place of employment that provides a comfortable and welcoming environment, intercultural communication training is a necessary tool. Training is usually divided into two sections: one or top-down employee and the other is middle managers. In most cases, it is only required for targeted groups in the company. Of the companies who take part in the training, almost half of them reported spending thousands, even millions of dollars on training. A small percentage reported that they really do not have the funds to support the training. The claims are that money spent went to resources, salaries, and consulting fees. Intercultural communication programs have been considered as good investment whose returns have been very beneficial to an organization. Successful professionals are learning to demonstrate the contribution of intercultural communication abilities to the business on many levels. We have to remember that having diversified workforce is not something a company should have, actually it is something that has happened or is soon going to happen due to the fact that we have a more diversified population. There are so many different people in the world that work in many different places of the world. Diversity in the workplace is becoming more and more prevalent. Corporations in all industries are encouraging minorities, women, men, and people with disabilities as well as foreign workers to join the dominant workforce in the workplace around the world. Diversity of the workforce is clearly here to stay. Business owners and managers, experts say, will still need to maintain or step up efforts to recruit and advance ethnic minorities so everyone should know how to effective communicate with one another to ensure productivity is not lost. Essentially, because having a diverse work force and managing it effectively will simply be good business for various companies across the oral. During a training session, topics such as valuing diversity, biases, the philosophy Of the company, and action planning are covered. Employees learn about diversity through films, speakers, and exercises so that they may have a greater impact on any situations that may develop. After receiving the training, many employers have noticed a significant difference in the way the staff behaves and its sensitivity towards each other. People develop a broader definition of intercultural communication after going through the training sessions. The word wide web was used to develop the facts from rebellions in the global business world. Organizational communication in the global workplace can bring up an employment equality issue. Although, intercultural communication in the workplace can be a benefit in the success of an organization. The understanding of cultural differences goes beyond employment equality, it provides an environment that respects employee differences. Diversity nurtures an environment that values the differences and maximizes the potential of all employees. Intercultural communication IR the workplace is important in many ways. In order to create an organization ultra that supports diversity, you must have management commitment, education with training, and follow up evaluation. First, you must adequately determine workforce and organizational needs for creating a comfortable workplace for those of all cultures. Find out what employees are concerned about. Management can form focus groups. The needs and expectations Of a global workforce vary by organizational and functional levels. You may determine if the organization has trouble communicating and being sensitive to employees that would add to the diversity. In an organization with cultural preferences, which, if any, areas of the workforce are being treated inappropriately. Administrative and management of global businesses commitment is crucial for intercultural communication efforts. Senior management must provide leadership through example. To gain support from administration you need to directly link diversity to the business when dealing with people from another culture. Be specific as to where any cultural issues lie. Are they employee or customer issues? Or both? Provide data regarding the opportunities in the global marketplace for diversity.